Poverty Inequality And Poverty And Inequality - 875 Words

First of all, it is not an easy question due to the fact that numerous economists have been arguing for decade in order to define both extremely important concepts which are poverty and inequality. Both inequality and poverty have mainly negatives impacts in the society therefore, it is almost a prerequisite to have an understanding of both for the sake of reduce them accurately. The first purpose of the essay is to give a thorough understanding of what poverty and inequality are. The second purpose is to display some similarity between poverty and inequality. Poverty Primarily, a simple definition of poverty is highly questionable. Therefore it is argued that different kinds of poverty can be found. The first kind is Absolute poverty, someone is deem to be poor if his money income is too low to keep him alive or healthy or by nutritional requirement. The challenges faced by this simplistic definition are each individual are unique and then have different nutritional requirement. Secondly the second argument is how can we if someone is poor only using money income because to measure poverty accurately the Full income is needed. Full income (money income+ non pecuniary income) therefore, poverty cannot be partially measure only using money income. The second kind or approach of poverty is called Relative Poverty it indicates that someone is poor if that person feels poor. The relative approach can be deceitful because it varies by time and place according toShow MoreRelatedInequality : Inequality And Poverty1729 Words   |  7 Pages Inequality and poverty exist in our society because wealth and opportunity are inherited. If we all entered the world with an equal amount of resources, some would still rise above others but everyone would get the same chance to succeed in life. Since greed is one of the norms of our society, and wealth is passed from generation to generation, there will always be inequality and poverty. The system of wealth and inequality is actually pretty simple. It all boils down to a few things what youRead MorePoverty Inequality : Poverty And Income Inequality1526 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty Income Inequality How do we balance the assistance we give the poor but do not discourage work? The labor markets which determine how much workers are paid do not take into consideration how much a family really requires to pay for all expenses like health care, clothes, food, housing, and transportation. The labor markets actually create inequalities of income and as a result create issues leading to poverty. Poverty is measured by the U.S. Census Bureau as a direct result of the OfficeRead MorePoverty Inequality And The Poverty2877 Words   |  12 Pagescause poverty because of the inequality and unfairness they bring. The country is put to blame for the governments and nations decisions. The people themselves can also be put at fault for poverty because of population but, some can not help it. This affects the poverty threshold, the people, and the number of people in poverty. Poverty can be solved with the help of organizations, the government or the president, and happy volunteers who would be w illing to do a lot for these people. Poverty is aRead MoreThe Inequality Of Poverty And Poverty1558 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is it that the people in poverty have such a tough time getting out of it? â€Å"Income inequality in the United States is higher than in any other advanced industrial democracy† (Lieberman). In America the poverty gap is continuously increasing throughout the years and no sense of progression is being shown. People in poverty are finding it harder every year to escape their low economic stage . When it comes to poverty it does not mean just having a low income it is a â€Å"condition of having littleRead MorePoverty and Inequality2265 Words   |  10 Pagesown family and take care of it. Because of the inequality, making more inequality and poverty arises. When women are not educated, although they are given the chance to seek for jobs, they only can do simple jobs that make them have only a low bargaining power over their wages. Although women are earning income, but their purchasing power is still low and have less ability to buy their basic goods. However, in the modern society now, the gender inequality has become lesser and the equality is even improvingRead MoreInequality Between Poverty And Poverty1139 Words   |  5 Pageslast two decades in ending the terms of inequalities and poverty. Many countries are determined to improve their economy, and become fully developed just like the United States. In my home country, Kuwait, poverty do not exist, however, inequalities do. Some of the countries that have done well in the recent past include China, India, Brazil, and South Korea. However, poverty and inequalities are still being realized in the wealthy nation. Poverty and inequalities in the society are the two main factorsRead MorePoverty Inequality : Economic Inequality1509 Words   |  7 PagesCombating Economic Inequality Economic Inequality When you turn on the news nowadays, some of America’s biggest problems are right there flashing across your screen. However, the increasing issue of inequality that our country is facing doesn’t seem to get quite the attention it deserves. The disproportion of lower and middle class families to wealthier families, due to economic inequality, is in dire need of a solution! So how do you fix a struggling economy between the classes? ProfessorsRead MoreIncome Inequality And Poverty989 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Income inequality has no necessary connection with poverty, the lack of material resources for a decent life, such as adequate food, shelter, and clothing. A society with great income inequality may have no poor people, and a society with no income inequality may have nothing but poor people† - Robert Higgs. When people think of income inequality they picture poverty and people not having basic necessities. However income inequality is not just a connection to the poor. Income inequality is stronglyRead MorePoverty in America and Inequality798 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Poverty is the worst form of violence.† Mahatma Gandhi’s words still ring true in today’s society. Poverty is nothing to sweep under the rug or put on the back burner. While many statistics state that poverty is decreasing, other sources state the opposite. Poverty is a hot topic in the U.S., foreign countries, and speaks true about many genders, ethnic groups, and children. Poverty is present in today’s U.S. social system. For example, as Lesser states in the Clearinghouse Review, â€Å"Forty-sixRead More Poverty and Inequality Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesPoverty and inequality exist in every developed culture and often are only patched in order for society to continue upwardly. Poverty and inequality in the United States exists for many reasons; reasons that very from the prospective lens. Interpretive theories in particular ask us to question our reality and its constructs. Interpretive theories require us to looks at the world as a social realm, one that we created and constantly change. Interpretive theories study the relationship between power

Music Ludwig Van Beethoven - 1670 Words

Music is might not be the universal language but it plays an important role in human culture as well as the society. Music is not only provide entertainment but it is also a tool for a composer and listeners to release emotion. The best well-known for his inspiring power and expressiveness music is Ludwig van Beethoven. He was a musical genius whose composed some of the most influential pieces of music ever written. During the Classical period, Beethoven’s compositions were the expression as one of the most powerful musical personalities. Although Beethoven was influenced by most of the famous composers such as Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, etc. but he was also innovated new techniques that will be seen in the next music†¦show more content†¦(Rosen 444). During the French Revolution of 1789, Beethoven was inspired with ideas of freedom and equality by the Napoleon Bonaparte, who defeated France’s enemies. Soon after Napoleon declared himself as the emperor, Beethoven was furious and decided not to name his Third Symphony after the French emperor. Then, he named it Eroica which means heroic, the and it took him almost year to complete. Under the title, Beethoven wrote in Italian, â€Å"to celebrate the memory of a great man† (Pauly 202). When Eroica Symphony premiered in 1805, it became a turning point in musical history. In 1802, Beethoven began to realize that his hearing problem was incurable and bounded to worsen as he gets older. Fall of 1802, Beethoven wrote a long, letter to his two brothers known as Heiligenstadt testament to express his bitter, unhappiness, and the thought of sucide but Beethoven overcame this unhappiness with sheer determination and entered a new creative phase, middle period. (Kamien 255). Many of his works in this period are noted for large-scale structures that express heroism and struggle. Middle period compositions included five symphonies, an opera, and the next seven piano sonatas including the Waldstein and the Appassionato, etc. One of the most popular and well-known of his symphonies is Symphony No. 6 in F major known as the Pastoral and it combined five movements. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven900 Words   |  4 PagesLudwig van Beethoven All throughout music history lived many composers that have impacted not only the societies in which they have lived in, but modern-day society as well. These particular composers have given many societies the chance to listen, feel and express themselves through music and instruments that were invented centuries ago that still remain essential components of music today. One example of a composer that changed the music world drastically was a man by the name of Ludwig van BeethovenRead MoreThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1408 Words   |  6 PagesLudwig van Beethoven When I was 7 years old, my parents signed me up for music school. I did not want to go to music school, but they wanted me just to try. In first class we were just listening classical music and it really sounded boring. But when Beethoven’s fifth symphony came on, I fell in love with classical music and I wanted to study it even more. My sister was also in musical school and she played piano and when I came back from school, I was begging her to play me some of Beethoven’s piecesRead MoreThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1600 Words   |  7 PagesLudwig van Beethoven is known for much of his musical accomplishments. One of his most famous is that he is deaf and yet one of the best musical composers of the classical and romanic area. Beethoven has always been one of my personal favorite composers. When I grew up and started taking piano, Beethoven s Fur Elise was my first large classical piece. Ever since that point on I insisted that when we were in Germany we see his home, and that we did. In this essay I will be explaining Ludwigs YouthRead MoreThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1701 Words   |  7 Pages2014 Music 173 Research Paper Ludwig van Beethoven Music has been around a long time and is a big part of America’s history. There are many styles of music such as, Rap, RB, Jazz, Classical, Oldies and so on. There has been many great composers throughout the years, these people are legends that will stand for ever such as, Beethoven, George Frideric Handel, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The one artist that I’m going to write about in this paper is the one and only Ludwig vanRead MoreThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1739 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the course of history there has never been a more influential, creative and versatile composer as Ludwig Van Beethoven. If not for his ability to expand the way in which music is created, played and heard, current music would lack the polyphonic sound that is needed in order to create texture and depth. Beethoven is believed to be purely a classical composer. However, to the contrary he can also be considered purely romantic. His compositions consisted of a form that was never heard beforeRead MoreMusic Composer Beethoven. Ludwig Van Beethoven Was One980 Words   |  4 PagesMusic Composer Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the most famous German composers who played a huge role in pioneering the transition of music from the classical era to the Romantic era. His work in concerto, symphony, sonata, and quartet is considered instrumental in expanding both the scope and reach of music. He also came up with a new way of combining vocals and instruments. Beethoven struggled with auditory decline for most of his life, and was nearly deaf toward the end. InterestinglyRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven, The Man Who Changed Music1003 Words   |  5 PagesBailey Selwitschka’s NEWSLETTER December 4, 2015 Ludwig Van Beethoven, The man who changed music Biography Ever since childhood, Beethoven has loved music. He claims that his father used to teach him, at a young age, every day and night upon returning home. Beethoven reigns from a house of seven children, though sadly, only three boys survived, of whom Beethoven was the eldest. Beethoven’s father was a renowned musician atRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven And His Influence On Classical Music1402 Words   |  6 PagesLudwig van Beethoven is a revered figure in the history of classical music in today’s world. Born in Bonn, Germany, he underwent strict guidance from his father who aspired to mold him into the next generation â€Å"Mozart.† Sailing through the tides of social, political and cultural revolution, Beethoven became a renowned composer and rose in ranks in the history of classical music. Although succumbed to deafness in his later years, Beethoven had left behind a phenomenon legacy which took the stageRead MoreBiography Of Ludwig Van Beethoven s Influence On Th e Development Of World Music957 Words   |  4 PagesLudwig Van Beethoven was born in Bonn. He born on December 17, 1770, and died on March 16, 1827. He was a German composer and musician, one of Vienna’s classical music representatives. His music had a great contribution to the world music. He set the culmination of classical music in the Classical Era (1750-1820), while opening up the road of the romantic music in the Romantic Era (1820-1900), played an important role on the development of world music. He created â€Å"nine numbered symphonies, 32 pianoRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven, An Era Of The 19th Century European Classical Music1332 Words   |  6 PagesLudwig Van Beethoven, (1770-1827) is a dominant figure of the 19th century European Classical music. He was born in Bonn, Germany, and spent most of his life in Vienna, Austria. Beethoven died at the age of 56, and his death was later found to have been caused by post-hepatitic cirrhosis of the liver, which provided clues to the origins of his deafness. His musical life is divided into three different periods: early, middle, and late. Opus 10 No. 3: Piano Sonata No.7 in D Major - First Movement

The Nature And Nurture Debate How The Four Areas Of...

The Nature and Nurture debate, one of the oldest debates in the history of psychology, questions whether or not criminal behaviour is a result of the nature of a person, meaning something that lies in their genes causing a person to act in a certain way, or nurture, the environment, therefore criminal behaviour as a result of a person’s life experiences (Sincero, 2012). This essay shall look in depth and answer to how the four areas of criminal behaviour, which are biological, sociological, psychological and environmental, as part of the nature and nurture debate, can explain criminality and deviance. This will be done by discussing a number of theories and experiments that have come to the surface over time. Researching the nature and nurture debate, it is shown that the debate continues to interest people today, mainly because of what is thought will be the outcome of these findings, which is preventing people turning to criminal behaviour by understanding people’s ge netics, how they were born and avoid situations that lie in the environment to stop them interacting with criminal activities. By nature this does not only imply one’s physical attributes such as eye colour, hair colour, height and ear size, but also personality attributes such as intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes, all attributes that are encoded in DNA. For many years nature was considered the sole explanation for criminal behaviour but not today (Sincero, 2012). The first causes this essayShow MoreRelatedBiological Criminal Behavior Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesBiological Criminal Behavior and Angela Yates Ceretha Butler, Angela De Libero, Tameka James, Sam Price, Michael Palazuelos CJA/314 5/20/2013 Professor Judy Mazzucca Biological Criminal Behavior Through-out history criminal intents have escalade from small crime to federal crimes seen in cases today. Research have proven genes influence the outcome of a behavior in a criminal behavior and the type of attach committed to his or her victim. This crimes are taught in the schoolRead MoreNature vs. Nurture Essay2118 Words   |  9 PagesNature vs. Nurture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the history of human existence, there have always been questions that have plagued man for centuries. Some of these questions are â€Å"what is the meaning of life† and â€Å"which came first, the chicken or the egg†. Within the past 400 years a new question has surfaced which takes our minds to much further levels. The question asked is whether nature or nurture has more of an impact on the growing development of people. It is a fact that a combination of nature and nurtureRead MoreSerial Killers : A Psychological Viewpoint Essay1858 Words   |  8 Pagesof killers, then it will take a look at different case studies of children who fantasized about mass killing and identify similarities between the cases attempt to find a way to possibly prevent their fantasies from becoming reality. The debate of nature vs. nurture is also discussed as psychologists and researchers come to the conclusion that environmental factors play a bigger role in the developmental character of a person than genetics, but there is still no definite answer as to why some individualsRead MoreEssay on Theories2640 Words   |  11 Pages Theories in Criminal Justice nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If one were to look up the definition of the word theory, they might find a meaning that pertains to words such as philosophy or a hypothesis. Theories exist in all aspects of life in order to give us explanations of why a certain phenomenon exists. This is extremely evident in the area of criminal justice. One phenomenon I am interested in is the human element during the juvenile years. Throughout I will examine why at an early age someRead MoreThe Nature vs. Nurture Debate in Learning More about Alcoholism2588 Words   |  11 PagesThe Nature vs. Nurture Debate in Learning More about Alcoholism INTRODUCTION: Alcoholism can affect anyone. It has enormous costs as it pertains to societies, families, and individuals. It is not prejudicial towards any race, color, sex, religion, or economic level. Although we do have ideas as to what alcoholism is, what we do not know is the exact cause(s) of this problem. Researchers are continually seeking answers to the long-standing nature versus nurture debate. Different viewsRead MoreAggression Is It ‘Nature’ or ‘Nurture’2434 Words   |  10 PagesAggression is it ‘Nature’ or ‘Nurture’ During our lifetime every one of us feels anger and aggression occasionally, some more than others, maybe as a child in the play ground or later as an adult when somebody cuts you up when you are driving along. But what causes anger and aggression and why do we all suffer from it? Well there are lots of different theories to what causes aggression and where aggressive behaviour comes from. So throughout this essay I will examine the different concepts and theoriesRead MoreEssay about The Importance of Aggression in Animal Existence4326 Words   |  18 Pagesworking definition of aggression. Aggressive behavior is defined by Encyclopedia Britannica as any action of an animal that serves to injure an opponent or prey animal or to cause an opponent to retreat. (7) David G. Myers states that aggression is any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.(9) There are many types of aggressive behaviors, which can be differentiated from the factual act to the hidden motives. F or example, an aggressive behavior can be negative or positive, accidentalRead MoreAlevels Sociology3511 Words   |  15 Pagesresources that are in short supply involve wealth and power. †¢ Three Epochs: o Classical period –owner and slave o Feudal period – land owner and serf. o Capitalist – Bourgeois and proletariat Conflict theory generally consists of the following four points. 1. Conflict Built into Society Societies naturally tend toward conflict. This occurs because wealth and power are distributed unequally; therefore, different social groups have different and conflicting interests (Farley, 2000:73). 2Read MoreValue-Based Curriculum and Teaching Methodology : an Integrated Approach to Communal Harmony and National Integration3071 Words   |  13 PagesViolence emerges as the consequence of this disturbed communal harmony. Communal Violence is the outcome of communal disharmony Communal Violence is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion. No universally agreed, legally binding, criminal law definition of communal violence currently exists. Common definitions of communal violence refer only to those violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror), are perpetrated for a religious, political or ideological goals, deliberatelyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility10163 Words   |  41 Pageset al (1996), which include purpose, principle and consequence, there exist myriad ethical considerations in the daily world of business, with each one presenting yet another moral dilemma: Should the decision be made for company or personal gain? How many will reap the benefit of individualized attention at the expense of all others? Is there a time when an individuals interests supercede those of the masses? These are ethical questions posed each and everyday throughout the global business and

Socrates Vs Crito - 1522 Words

In the dialogue Crito, the Laws state that â€Å"One must obey the commands of one’s city and country, or persuade it as to the nature of justice† (51c1-2). In this paper, a third option in response to the state, i.e. punishment in reaction to unjust acts, will be advocated for. To this end, I will argue that Socrates could be justified in escaping because doing so could have punished the Laws of Athens, which would have helped the Laws maintain their virtue. This argument exists in two parts. First, I will use the three Laws speeches from the Crito in attempt to show that it is just for Socrates to punish the Laws. Next, I will use the same three speeches as well as the original verdict given in the Apology to try to show that escaping is in†¦show more content†¦Therefore, based on his strong love for the Laws, Socrates should pay great heed to the virtue of the Laws. The unjust conviction of Socrates can be considered an unjust act by the Laws. Such unjust ac tions are inconsistent with the preservation or care of virtue. General agreement seems to state that people should be punished in response to unjust acts as an attempt to maintain their virtue. For example, this appears to be the entire reason for Socrates’ punishment from Athens in the first place. Socrates performed actions the city deemed unjust and was punished in response. The punishment was an attempt to guide Socrates and other citizens toward virtue. Thus, if a person performs an unjust act, they should be punished. The punishment serves as an attempt to care for their virtue. Therefore, it would be justified for the Laws to be punished in response to their unjust act. In the first speech by the Laws, they ask Socrates, â€Å"Do you think you have this right to retaliation against your country and its laws?† (51a2-3). Due to Socrates’ care for the virtue of the Laws, he assumes the aforementioned right to retaliation against them, provided they commit a n act that detracts from their virtue. If one cares about the Laws and their virtue, it is right for that person to punish the Laws as an attempt to care for their well-being. It follows then, that Socrates is not only justified in punishing the Laws, but also thatShow MoreRelatedSocrates Vs Crito Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates, amongst the most influential thinkers to emerge from Greek civilization and, perhaps the most noble and wisest Athenian to have ever lived, many centuries before Christ, is noted for not writing anything himself as all that is known about his philosophical thought is through the writings of Xenophon and Plato. By contrast, Martin Luther King Jr. lived in the nineteenth century wherein his main legacy was to secure progress on African American civil rights in the United States. AlthoughRead MoreSocrates As A Moral Man1531 Words   |  7 Pagesthe main propose of the story â€Å"Crito† center on its main character Socrates, who was a moral ma n, which had faith in some kind of God. Socrates saw himself as a gadfly, who was sent by God to educate the people in Athens on the injustices occurring around them. Socrates is willing to die for his beliefs of finding out the underling truth that the government tries to conceal from the people. The story presents an important question between Socrates and his friend Crito, as to whether the opinion ofRead MoreThe Rational Vs. The Emotional1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rational vs. The Emotional There are two sides to every issue, which is definitely the case with Crito and Socrates in â€Å"Crito† by Plato. Socrates and Crito are having an intimate conversation about reasons why Socrates should escape. Socrates is charged on corrupting the minds of the youth in Athens. Crito, who is Socrates student and close friend, tries to persuade him to escape because he did not believe Socrates committed any actual crime. Socrates, on the other hand, gives his own reasonsRead MoreAntigone vs. Socrates Essay examples681 Words   |  3 PagesAntigone vs. Socrates In the plays Antigone and the Crito the two lead characters, Antigone and Socrates, showed completely different ideas regarding their responsibilities to the State. Antigone believes in divine law and does what she thinks that the Gods would want her to do. Socrates, on the other hand, believes that he owes it to the State to follow their laws whether he thinks they are right or not. In Antigone, her brother Polynices, turned against his own city by attacking his ownRead More Antigone Vs. Socrates Essay examples664 Words   |  3 Pages Antigone vs. Socrates In the plays Antigone and the Crito the two lead characters, Antigone and Socrates, showed completely different ideas regarding their responsibilities to the State. Antigone believes in divine law and does what she thinks that the Gods would want her to do. Socrates, on the other hand, believes that he owes it to the State to follow their laws whether he thinks they are right or not. In Antigone, her brother Polynices, turned against his own city by attacking his own brotherRead MoreAn Examination of Socrates Attitude Towards Death and Dying Essay1123 Words   |  5 PagesAn Examination of Socrates Attitude Towards Death and Dying When presented with a problem or argument Socrates, the philosopher, attacked most issues with a relatively disingenuous attitude. A question or idea would be presented and he would automatically respond with either another question or a new philosophy for his opposite party to ponder. These were the ways of Socrates, an intelligent yet humble man who knew the limits of his knowledge. And through his passionRead MoreSocrates Sides with Creon or a1379 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates#8217; Sides With? Through my reading of Plato#8217;s Apology of Socrates and Crito, I have been able to see how Socrates makes important decisions and what he primarily bases his decisions on. As a individual person we have individual morals which lead us to our own moral or immoral decisions. Sometimes are own morals or beliefs might oppose the views of the state or the enforced law that clams to find justice. In this case we rely on our own beliefs that may be through passedRead MoreEssay about Socrates vs Gilgamesh1173 Words   |  5 PagesJoe Arce 19 Sept 2011 Socrates Vs. Gilgamesh Socrates’ view of death in the Phaedo, Crito, and Apology is complex. His argument tries to prove that philosophers, of all people, are in the best state to die or will be in the best state after life because of the life they lead. Socrates’ views are sharply contrasted in The Epic of Gilgamesh. In fact, he would probably say that Gilgamesh had not lived the proper kind of life and his views of life , and death would lead to an unsettled existence in theRead MoreEssay Platos Apology of Socrates and Crito1326 Words   |  6 Pages Socrates Sides With? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Through my reading of Platos Apology of Socrates and Crito, I have been able to see how Socrates makes important decisions and what he primarily bases his decisions on. As a individual person we have individual morals which lead us to our own moral or immoral decisions. Sometimes are own morals or beliefs might oppose the views of the state or the enforced law that clams to find justice. In this case we rely on our own beliefs that may be throughRead MoreGreek Society vs. Socrates Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesGreek Society vs. Socrates What make a man virtuous? Throughout many texts of Greek society the picture of a perfect man is painted and apparent. This man, the â€Å"perfect man†, is the virtuous Greek citizen. Who is virtuous not only in the eyes of society, but also at home, in war, and in his relationship to the God(s). Also in Greek society, there was a man named Socrates who’s opinion differed with his culture’s thoughts, and he constructed his own thoughts and beliefs of what characteristics

Reading Summary of Eric Abrahamson and Gregory Fairchilds Management Fashion free essay sample

Thesis While most fads in management technique are short-lived some techniques become institutionalized and evolve and are reshaped to fits current fashions. Exogenous and endogenous forces shape the demand for management- knowledge entrepreneurs to constantly reshape and redefine rational management processes. Evidence Abrahamson and Fairchilds study yielded findings that help contextualize the concept of management fashion. Lifecycles of a management techniques typically follow a short-lived, bell-shaped, symmetric popularity curve. Positive feedback on management techniques increases the discourse promoting that technique, making it more diffuse across organizations. Exogenous forces facilitate or suppress fashion niches and endogenous maintain niches. Superstitious learning suggests that managers seek to find instant-results and cure-all solutions for their management approach, motivated by emotion rather than detailed studies. Whereas real-learning constitutes careful planning and evaluation of ideas to produce an effective management technique. Limitations Abrahamson and Fairchild articulate the negative aspects of constant transience -temporal instability and cross-sectional diversity- but fail to indicate the effects these management fashions have on the institutions in which they are implemented. We will write a custom essay sample on Reading Summary of Eric Abrahamson and Gregory Fairchilds Management Fashion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Do shifting management techniques stunt institution growth, do changing techniques disrupt the markets for the products of these institutions? Questions (1) What causes certain management practices to become institutionalized while others are only passing fads? (2) Are the results of superstitious-learning or real-learning more likely to be adopted? Which is more effective?

Emily free essay sample

What mainly interested me to this movie is the fact that just because one is viewed as less than others, change is always possible through hard work. Summary: The Great Debaters is a movie that involves the harsh reality of racism during the 1930’s through 1960’s. Racism has always been an everlasting damaging problem in humanity. It is not only the belief that one racial group is superior over another but also the belief that if an individual possesses certain qualities then that individual is considered worthless therefore they should be subordinates to the other group. During a time of separation within a nation, four individuals demonstrated that importance and strength behind knowledge. In The Great Debaters, three young college individuals were led by a knowledgeable professor in a debate team. Mr. Tolson was a strong willed individual who stood up for what he believed. He taught these acute students how to be proud, confident, and intellectual. They became resourceful and discussed many topics other people were unwilling to talk about. The debaters not only struggled to remain unified they also had to deal with the harsh reality of racism in the South from witnessing unfair treatment of the law to a lynching of an African American. Through his rigorous teaching methods and their determination to be the best, Mr. Tolson led the debaters to become the first all black college to debate a white university and beat the prestigious dominant debate school of Harvard University. Theory: Theories are a set of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe or explain a phenomenon. One can apply any of the three theoretical approaches throughout The Great Debaters. To approach this from a structural-functional perspective, or to look at this from the mindset that â€Å"society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability† (Macionis 13), one has to view how the society interacts. The Great Debaters took place during a time period where racism was dominant. During this time in the South, there were unwritten rules which many African Americans had to conform to in order to avoid conflict and maintain a balance within society. While driving his family down a dirt road, Dr. James Farmer Sr. accidently hit and killed a farmers pig. The owner of the pig happened to be a white male who immediately ran out his house with a pistol and demanded payment. Seeing that Dr. Farmer was an African American male, the white farmer demanded an unrealistic amount of twenty-five dollars. Fearing for his family’s safety, Dr. Farmer offered to write over his monthly check from Wiley College to the farmer. The farmer not only took the check but also made Dr. Farmer help him load the pig onto his truck. Dr. Farmer knew the pig wasn’t worth that much money but in order to avoid a confrontation that could have possibly placed his family’s life in danger; he opted to give up everything he had. This relates to the structural approach in the fact that each group knew the reality of how society was functioning so they chose to behave in the manner that made society work. Social-conflict approach or the thought that â€Å"society is an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change† (Macionis 15), was presented when the sharecroppers had a peaceful and lawful gathering in attempt to unionize and stand up to the farm bosses for unfair treatment. The sheriff and the farm bosses found out of the meeting and decided to raid the farm house and beat the sharecroppers in attempt to strike fear in them from unionizing. This attempt failed and instead brought the sharecroppers closer together after finding out the sheriff wrongfully imprisoned Mr. Tolson. The sharecroppers knew they were at a disadvantage so by unionizing they could stand up for their rights, challenge the system, and bring change. Symbolic-interaction approach was also evident in this film. The symbolic-interaction approach states that â€Å"society is the product of the everyday interactions with individuals† (Macionis 17). This was shown immensely throughout the film in the character Henry Lowe. Henry Lowe was a young student who had witnessed traumatizing events throughout his life. The other members of the debate team didn’t understand him until they also witnessed a traumatizing event that Mr. Lowe was too familiar with, a lynching. The other members of the debate team were unfamiliar with this part society. They didn’t understand why people would behave in such way. The reality was that these events had shaped Mr. Lowe into who he actually was therefore making him extremely passionate in everything he did especially debating and standing up for what was right. Literature Review: The Great Debaters dealt with the struggles of racism and sexual discrimination. During a time where women were viewed less than men, Samantha Booke demonstrated that women also have knowledge and the capabilities to be as intellectual as men. She demonstrated this through her powerful speeches during her debates. Rosemary Brown quoted that â€Å"changing society is an ongoing personal and political struggle; it is tough, it is hard and it has no foreseeable ending† (238). Rosemary Brown quoted this in regards to the sexism that is always occurring in today’s society. Even though Samantha Booke was a young lady that wasn’t supposed to achieve such high education, she strived forward with hard work and determination to prove to society that she was more than capable. Racism dominated every aspect of life. As a result many African Americans were denied liberties. Racial court decisions such as Dred Scott v. Sandford (1856) and Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) contributed to this unfair treatment. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1856) stated that African American were not citizens and therefore had no protection under the Bill Of Rights. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) established the separate but equal phrase. In The Great Debaters all the students were viewed inferior to the other students of the white universities. It wasn’t until they proved they were just as capable at winning debates, that the white universities accepted their challenge to debate. The stigma attached to African Americans made white universities believe they were not as smart. This continues to occur in today’s society since people believe if you come from a certain place you are at a disadvantage. Also, the belief that whites were superior created by segregation led to radical racial tension between the groups. Eventually, these tensions resulted in lynching. Any person of color who challenged white superiority risked being hanged or burned alive by hate-filled whites (Macionis 602). In The Great Debaters, the whites feared that African Americans reached a high level of accomplishment. To combat these ideas, the whites used violence to place fear in the African Americans. Critique: The Great Debaters was an amazing movie that provided inspirational characters that stood up for what they believed no matter what. During a time of racism, struggle, and sexual discrimination, the debaters proved that anything is possible. The thing that captivated my attention the most about this film is the fact that one cannot let society make who you are. People must be willing to want change. This film benefits anyone looking for a sense of encouragement. It shows that hard work and determination can take you very far in life. Conclusion: The Great Debaters gave way to a new generation of hope. Often, many people fail to look at the truth behind society and live their daily lives as if nothing was wrong. At times they conform to what can be morally wrong. This film allows us to see the harsh reality of life and a problem that still exist today. Racism can be a powerful boundary that can be hard to overcome. The Great Debaters proves that hard work and a strong will is the key to success and as long as one is willing to stand up and fight for one’s right then change is always possible. Works Cited Brown, Rosemary. Overcoming Racism and Sexism-How? Ottawa, 1990 Dred Scott Decision. Independence Hall Association in Philadelphia. Copyright 2012 www. ushistory. org/us/32a. asp Macionis, John J. Sociology. Boston: Pearson, 2010. Print. Plessy v. Ferguson. http://www. law. cornell. edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0163_0537_ZS. html